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Kumyk language
Kumyk (къумукъ тил,〔L. S. Levitskaya, "Kumyk language", in ''Languages of the world. Turkic languages'' (1997). (in Russian)〕 ''qumuq til'') is a Turkic language, spoken by about 426,212〔http://www.omniglot.com/writing/kumyk.php〕 speakers (the Kumyks) in the Dagestan republic of Russian Federation.
Irchi Kazak (''Yırçı Qazaq''; born 1839) is usually considered to be a founder of Kumyk literature. Kumyk was written using Arabic script until 1928, Latin script from 1928–1938, and Cyrillic script since then.
The first regular newspapers and magazines appeared in 1917–18. Currently, the newspaper ''Ёлдаш'' (''Yoldash'', ''Companion''), the successor of the Soviet-era ''Ленин ёлу'' (''Lenin yolu'', ''Lenin's Path''), prints around 5,000 copies 3 times a week.
It was composed sequentially of several Turkic dialects—those of the Oghur, Oghuz and Kypchak types—, which, in addition, have been interacting with Caucasian languages, namely Avar, Dargwa, Chechen, as well as with Ossetic.〔 The language has also been influenced by Russian during the last century.
== Orthography ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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